Applied Petrophysics for Geologists and Engineers

Applied Petrophysics for Geologists and Engineers

This cour se intr oduces the basics of well log analysis and petr ophysics with a focus on dir ect field applications.  Miner alogical influence on well logs and integr ation of cor e data with logs will be str essed. Intr od uctor y con cepts, exa mples, and exer cises will be facilitated via r eal- time class use of a cr oss-platfor m lithology-based petr ophysical softwar e package (GAMLS). Each  student  needs to br ing a  PC  laptop for  class work.   Installation of executables and upload of files will be done at least one week pr ior  to star t of class.   Minimu m computer r equir ements:  4 GB R AM (Windows 7 & >4 GB RAM pr efer r ed) plus Excel.

Day 1 am: Introduction to Well Logs

Day 1 pm: Logging and Sampling Logistics

Day 2 am: Porosity, Permeability, and Water Saturation

Day 2 pm: Clay Minerals, Shales, and “Shaly Sands”

Day 3 am: Electrofacies, Lithofacies Classification, Prediction, and Correlation Day 3 pm: Integrating Logs, Core Data, and Core Sedimentology Description Day 4 am: Prediction of Core Properties in Non-Cored Wells

Day 4 pm: Gas Shales

Day 5 am: Special Logs

Day 1 am: Introduction to Well Logs

Basic Well Logs (caliper, gamma ray, density, neutron, sonic, photoelectric, resistivity)

Review of Major Minerals and Rock Types

Quality Control

Relationship of logs to rocks and rock sequences

Day 1 pm: Logging and Sampling Logistics

Invasion

Drilling Breaks, Log Runs, & Splicing Logs Side-Wall Cores and Whole Cores MDtoTVD Correction

Upscaling

Day 2 am: Porosity, Permeability, and Water Saturation

Porosity Types (free, effective, capillary, irreducible, fracture)

Porosity Measurements (lab methods & well log methods) Permeability (measurements, ranges, anisotropy, controls)

Relationships between Porosity & Permeability (as function of lithofacies …) Overburden Correction

Water Saturation (via Archie & Dual-Water Equations; via Core Analysis; via Pc) Capillary Pressure (Pc) – Concepts & Applications

Formation Water Chemistry (Diagenesis, Salinity, Water Resistivity, SP log)

Day 2 pm: Clay Minerals, Shales, and “Shaly Sands”

Structure, Chemistry, & Classification

Origin, Depositional Environments, & Diagenesis Petrophysical Properties (Density, Surface Area, CEC …) Analysis Techniques & Accuracy

Day 3 am: Electrofacies, Lithofacies Classification, Prediction, and Correlation

Electrofacies via Probabilistic Clustering of Well Logs

QC, Normalization, Facies, Sequences, Tops

Rock Typing from Electrofacies

Prediction of Missing Parameters (logs, porosity & permeability …) Multiwell Clustering and Correlation

Day 3 pm: Integrating Logs, Core Data, and Core Sedimentology Description

Core-to-Log Depth Correction

Reconciling Electrofacies with Core Descriptions

Day 4 am: Prediction of Core Properties in Non-Cored Wells Building a Model - Forward Modeling of Well Log and Core Properties Applying a Model to Predict Petrophysical Parameters

Pay and Net Pay

Day 4 pm: Gas Shales Kerogen, Thermal Maturation, TOC Porosity & Permeability

Well Logs

Adsorbed Gas – Evaluation

Day 5 am: Special Logs

Spectroscopy (elemental logs) – conversion to minerals and mineral properties

NMR Image